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 托福閱讀真題 Early Cinema Task (2)

Paragraph 5: Although early exhibitors regularly accompanied movies with live acts, the substance of the movies themselves is mass-produced material that can easily be reproduced by theaters with little or no active participation by exhibitor. Even though early exhibitors shaped their film programs by mixing films and other entertainments together in whichever way they though would be most attractive to audiences or by accompanying them with lectures ” their creative control remained limited. What audiences came to see was the technological marvel of the movies; the lifelike reproduction of the commonplace motion of trains, of waves striking the shore, and of people walking in the street; and the magic made possible by trick photography and the manipulation of the camera.

7) According to paragraph 5, what role did early exhibitors play in the presentation of movies in theaters?

  ○ They decided how to combine various components of the film program.

  ○ They advised film-makers on appropriate movie content.

  ○ They often took part in the live-action performances.

  ○ They produced and prerecorded the material that was shown in the theaters.

Paragraph 6:With the advent of projection, the viewer’s relationship with the image was no longer private, as it had been with earlier peepshow devices such as the Kinetoscope and the Mutoscope, which was a similar machine that reproduced motion by means of successive images on individual photographic cards instead of on strips of celluloid. It suddenly became oublic-an experience that viewer shared with dozens, scores, and even hundreds of others. At the same time, the image that the spectator looked at expanded from the minuscule peepshow dimensions of 1 or 2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet.

8) Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 6 as one of the ways the Mutoscope differed from the Kinetoscope?

 ○ Sound and motion were simultaneously produced in the Mutoscope.

 ○ More than one person could view the images at the same time with the Mutoscope.

○ The Mutoscope was a less sophisticated earlier prototype of the Kinetoscope.

○ A different type of material was used to produced the images used in the Mutoscope.

9) The word it in the passage refer to

○ The advent of projection

○ The viewer’s relationship with the image

○ A similar machine

○ Celluloid

10) According to paragraph 6, the images seen by viewers in the earlier peepshows, compared to the images projected on the screen, were relatively.

○ Small in size

○ Inexpensive to create

○ Unfocused

○ Limited in subject matter